Por ocasião do centenário de nascimento de Paul Ricoeur, a Universidade de Coimbra juntou num mesmo volume um conjunto de estudos académicos em tributo a este pensador. Reuniram-se deste modo comunicações de professores, de novos investigadores e de estudantes de doutoramento em redor de temas que marcaram a receção da obra e do filósofo francês em Coimbra. Cada capítulo do presente livro demonstra a fecundidade de um pensamento que, enraizado na “tradição reflexiva”, assumindo a mensagem das “filosofias da existência”, articulando (...) Fenomenologia e Hermenêutica, adquire, hoje, crescente impacto e relevância. Esta é uma filosofia que promove o diálogo entre disciplinas, autores e culturas e supera divisões teóricas em ordem a enfrentar as exigências da praxis. O desafio da praxis fez assim emergir um pensamento exigente e, simultaneamente, capaz de dialogar com diversas áreas do saber como: a psicoterapia, a história, as neurociências, a bioética, as ciências sociais e os estudos literários. At the occasion of the Paul Ricoeur’s centenary this volume joined in tribute several scholars, young researchers, and Ph.D students around the main themes that marked the reception of the philosopher’s work in Portugal and, especially in the University of Coimbra. Each chapter demonstrates the vigour Ricoeur’s thought as it is rooted in the "reflexive tradition", as it assumed the "existentialist" horizon, as it articulated Phenomenology and Hermeneutics. This philosophical project as, today, an enormous range of influence. This is a project that promotes dialogue between disciplines, authors, and cultures, overcoming theoretical divisions in face the demands of praxis. From this rich and plural inspiration comes the ability to meet with other fields of thought, namely psychotherapy, history, neuroscience, bioethics, social sciences, and literary studies. (shrink)

The relationship between aesthetic value and other moral and cognitive values has been a key theme within contemporary aesthetic discussion. In this article, I explore once again the implications of this relationship, but from what I think might be a different angle. With few exceptions, notably Dominic Lopes, most of the contributions to this issue have dealt with the impact that moral or cognitive values could possibly have on the overall aesthetic value of a work of art. In this article, (...) I explore instead how aesthetic properties or merits could play a role in explaining moral and cognitive properties. To do so, I first offer some examples that I think may reasonably exemplify the phenomenon we are considering. Second, I argue that a proper account of interactionism should meet at least two constraints: the relevance constraint and the autonomy constraint. Finally, I try to clarify how it is possible that aesthetic properties substantially contribute to other values by appealing to the notions of expression and the affective character of aesthetic properties. (shrink)

Comentamos y discutimos, en esta nota, algunas de las reconceptualizaciones normativas y aplicaciones diversas del paradigma de la Justicia Global. Los trabajos de Pogge compilados en Hacer justicia a la humanidad proporcionan una visión de conjunto del objetivo pragmático de su pensamiento: erradicar la pobreza severa. Discutimos, en primer lugar, su operación de otorgar carácter negativo a los derechos económicos y sociales por considerarlo erróneo y desencaminado tanto en la teoría como en sus repercusiones prácticas. Finalmente, enjuiciamos favorablemente su reflexión (...) acerca de la Equidad de Género en el contexto de los debates en torno a la medición de la pobreza y la analítica de las desigualdades. Su problematización a este respecto, permitiría una fructífera intersección con la crítica feminista a los marcos teóricos hegemónicos del desarrollo humano y a los impactos de la globalización sobre las mujeres. (shrink)

This paper seeks a legal approach to the question of the implications of various religious beliefs in food. To begin with, it will be made a descriptive analysis of how the religious event influences and conditions the food consumption of believers, approaching both the three majoritarian or most representative religions of our country as well as several minority religions. Next, we will go on to observe and point out the obligations arising from Spanish Law regarding this aspect. Finally, once these (...) two areas have been analyzed and with what they illustrate, we will focus the main objective of this study giving our opinion on whether this is an issue that depends on the Law and that depend on a legislator or if, on the contrary, it is a question that belongs more to the internal sphere of citizens. (shrink)

The subversion of tradition of ethics carried out by Kant in his Critique of Practical Reason is, according to Lacan, the intelligibility background on which it is possible a science of the subject as developed by Freud. This would be shown up in a particularly effective way if comparing Kant’s moral theory with Sade’s antimoral one. It is not difficult to show the formal-structural identity of the state of affairs established by inconditionality of law in both theoretical systems, and thus (...) expose the possibility of that anti-moral as a kind of Kantian variation. Moreover, Lacan holds, it is necessary to recognize in Sade’s Philosophy in the Bedroom the truth of Critique of Practical Reason. Our study proposes an examination of this well-known Lacanian thesis. On the one hand, we seek to establish the exact content of this thesis and the diagnosis of the relationship that it involves between Kant and Freud (between Enlightenment and psychoanalysis). On the other hand, we seek to confront that diagnosis with the reconstruction of the specific terms of the practical subject question in Kant’s philosophy. The ultimate aim is at least to raise a question about the place of the concept of “Reason” in psychoanalysis, that is, about the margin that the truth of the subject discovered by this theory leaves for making the difference (at least de iure) between the weight of reason and the illusions of moral masochism, and about the very conditions of psychoanalysis as a theory. (shrink)

As corporate social responsibility (CSR) grows increasingly well known and accepted worldwide, organizations attempt to make sense of their social strategies bridge the gap between their current situation and what their stakeholders expect of them. If social strategies represent a potential stepping stone to more sophisticated forms of CSR, then research must investigate the strategies that organizations have adopted. After defining a framework for classifying and analyzing organizations' social strategies, this article considers empirical evidence from 10 case studies in Colombia (...) to reveal how organizations might build on their social involvement to engage in more sophisticated CSR practices. The framework also suggests some different trajectories that organizations might follow. (shrink)

This paper focuses on natural aesthetics as it relates to an ecological ethics informed by Aldo Leopold and by two contemporary environmental ethicists inspired by him: Callicott and Rolston. By contrast to Callicott, Rolston's work emphasises the distinctive character of natural beauty and gives reasons to understand such beauty as foundational for acting morally in the natural world. This paper argues, on these theoretical grounds, that an informed natural aesthetics is a requirement of an environmental ethics on account of the (...) co-relational link between the integrity, balance and beauty of the biotic community. This more objective foundation can better support conservationist movements in practice, bringing together natural beauty and duty in the pursuit of a closer harmony between humankind and the natural world. (shrink)

Two seemingly contradictory aspects have marked art’s appreciation – and aesthetic appreciation in general. While an experience of pleasure seems to ground judgments of aesthetic value, some artworks seem to gain our praise by the very negative – unpleasant – experience they provoke. Known as the paradox of negative emotions, aestheticians have, at least since Aristotle, tried to deal with these cases and offer different explanations of the phenomenon. In this article, María José Alcaraz León does not directly offer an (...) alternative explanation; rather she focuses on the apparent tension between an understanding of aesthetic experience in terms of a certain kind of pleasure and the negative aspect that is necessarily involved in our appreciation of painful art. The purpose of her article is to show that cases of artistic appreciation that involve negative emotions do not need to give up on the idea that aesthetic value is ultimately grounded upon an experience of pleasure. (shrink)

Resumen: Søren Kierkegaard se ha instalado en la historia de la filosofía como el pensador de una libertad puramente posible, capaz de crear su propio sentido y realidad. Lo posible, lo virtual, la potencia, constituyen para Kierkegaard el sustrato de la existencia, elemento, medio y fin de su acción libre y creadora. La determinación de la posibilidad infinita como origen y fundamento del ser supone la resignificación ontológica de lo real en su totalidad, en claro contraste con la vieja metafísica (...) del acto perfecto y acabado. Las siguientes líneas intentarán leer a Kierkegaard en el horizonte post-fundacional de la ontología contemporánea como pensador de la inmanencia y contingencia radicales, cuya pura posibilidad de poder anticipa en muchos sentidos el nuevo giro especulativo del siglo XXI.: Søren Kierkegaard is laid in the History of Philosophy as the thinker of a purely possible freedom, capable of creating its own meaning and actuality. The possible, the virtual, the potency constitute for Kierkegaard the substratum of existence, element, middle and end of its free and creative action. The determination of the infinite possibility as origin and foundation of being supposes the ontological resignification of actuality, in clear contrast with the old metaphysics of the perfect and complete act. The following lines will attempt to read Kierkegaard on the post-foundational horizon of contemporary ontology as a thinker of radical immanence and contingency, whose infinite possibility of power anticipates in many ways the new speculative turn of XXI Century. (shrink)

The social and cultural changes of the last century have transformed death from an everyday fact to something hidden from view. Shifting between the practical and the theoretical, the professional and the intimate, the real and the fictitious, this collection of essays explores the continued power of death over our lives. It examines the idea and experience of death from an interdisciplinary perspective, including studies of changing burial customs throughout Europe; an account of a"dying party" in the Netherlands; examinations of (...) the fascination with violent death in crime fiction and the phenomenon of serial killer art; analyses of death and bereavement in poetry, fiction, and autobiography; and a look at audience reactions to depictions of death on screen. By studying and considering how death is thought about in the contemporary era, we might restore the natural place it has in our lives. (shrink)

Este artigo objetivou identificar, por meio de documentos e relatos de professores da Secretaria Municipal da Educação de Palmas, os indícios de prática criativa e inovadora no processo de formação continuada dos professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. Este trabalho caracteriza-se como abordagem qualitativa, com caráter exploratório. Os procedimentos técnicos adotados para a realização deste estudo incluem revisão bibliográfica, análise documental e pesquisa de campo. Muitos estudos vêm sendo realizados sobre a formação continuada de professores, sobretudo no que se (...) refere às práticas pedagógicas educacionais que os sistemas de ensino desenvolvem para efetivação dessa formação, haja vista que a sociedade contemporânea reivindica constantemente mudanças na prática educativa brasileira. Percebe-se que o professor criativo busca compreender as dificuldades, bem como suscita o desejo pelo desconhecido. Dessa forma, é fundamental que haja mudanças nas práticas metodológicas, que estas incorporem a criatividade no processo de ensinar, sendo imprescindível a percepção docente, que o conhecimento é um contínuo aprender. Na análise documental e nas entrevistas realizadas, ficou visível que a inovação ainda está relacionada às novas tecnologias, não que este fator não seja importante para mudanças nas práticas pedagógicas, porém, é fundamental que essa concepção vá além desse aspecto. Nesse contexto, deduz-se que são imprescindíveis práticas pedagógicas pautadas na dimensão global do sujeito. Essa ação requer disposição do educador no processo de ensino e aprendizagem que ultrapasse a forma linear e fragmentada de ensinar e aprender. Portanto, ao investigar as experiências pessoais e educacionais de professores, buscou-se evidenciar a memória e a subjetividade desses sujeitos, no sentido de desvelar possibilidades de ações criativas e inovadoras no processo educacional. Palavras-chave: Memória de professores. Inovação e criatividade nas práticas pedagógicas. Formação continuada. História oral. (shrink)

Kining papel mobatbat sa lima ka mga mahinungdanong kabilin ni Jose Maria Sison nga mao ang mga mosunod: una, pagpaduso sa usa ka anti-rebisyonistang baroganan; ikaduha, pagpalambo sa teorya sa malanatong gubat sa katawhan ni Mao Zedong; ikatulo, pagpa-asdang sa Marxistang panglantaw mahitungod sa hisgotanang kalinaw; ikaupat, paghatag og Marxistang sukaranan sa tinuhuan o relihiyon isip pwersa sa katilingbanong kausaban; ug ikalima, ang pagpatin-aw sa papel sa burukrata kapitalismo isip tungtungan sa pasismo. Tumong niining papel ang padayong pagpahiluna (...) ni Sison isip usa ka importanteng teyorista dili lamang sa Pilipinas kon dili hasta sa tibuok kalibotan, hilabi na sa Pangkalibotanong Habagatan. Samtang ubay-ubay na ang mga nanag-unang pagtuon kabahin sa kamahinungdanon ni Jose Maria Sison isip Pilipinong Marxista ug makinasodnong iskolar, kini nga papel buot mosumpay sa mga pagtuon hilabi na human sa pagpanaw ni Sison niadtong Disyembre 2022. -/- This paper will argue the five important legacies of Jose Maria Sison. The five legacies are: first, the upholding of an anti- revisionist standpoint; second, the development of the Maoist theory of a protracted people’s war; third, the advancement of a Marxist view on the peace talks; fourth, the promotion of a Marxist view of faith or religion as a force for social change; and fifth, the clarification of bureaucrat capitalism as a basis of fascism. The paper aims to further position Sison as an important theorist not only in the Philippines but also the world over, especially in the Global South. While there are many previous studies concerning Sison as a Marxist and nationalist scholar, this paper furthers existing literature especially in the context after Sison’s death last December 2022. (shrink)

El concepto ontológico de «deseo» ha sido elaborado por el dualismo falogocéntrico a partir de las ideas de falta, privación, materia, caída, prohibición o culpa, con la intención de erradicar del cuerpo viviente la energía activa y creadora de lo real, y remitirla a la trascendencia inaccesible del espíritu puro. Habida cuenta del modo en que la diferencia sexual femenina ha sido inscripta por el falogocentrismo hegemónico del lado de la falta, la pasividad, la materia y el mal, el vaciamiento (...) del deseo coincide estrictamente con la eliminación del cuerpo materno y la dominación patriarcal. En tal contexto, el presente artículo se propone restituir el deseo a su potencia de creación en mediación materno-material. (shrink)

Este artículo tiene por objeto llevar a cabo un análisis comparativo entre el Plan Estratégico de Ciudadanía e Integración (2007-2010) y el Anteproyecto de Ley española de Extranjería. Es propósito del mismo analizar, en primer lugar, en qué sentido el concepto de integración introducido como principio general en el Anteproyecto es coherente con el concepto plasmado en el plan. En segundo término, se trata de examinar el sentido en el que queda plasmada la noción de integración en algunas de las (...) disposiciones que introduce la reforma especialmente en materia de derechos fundamentales. Todo ello llevará, finalmente, a valorar las relaciones de implicación y de tensión entre las políticas migratorias de control y las políticas de integración de las personas migrantes. (shrink)

La vulneración de derechos en la atención sanitaria en Latinoamérica representa una problemática creciente que afecta la calidad de los servicios y la equidad en la salud. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar las principales causas y consecuencias de la violación de derechos en los sistemas de salud de la región, enfocándose en los derechos humanos, el acceso a la atención médica, la discriminación y la corrupción. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica que incluye legislación, artículos que abordan la temática y (...) sentencias sobre la vulneración del derecho a la atención sanitaria. Los resultados indican que las vulneraciones más frecuentes incluyen la falta de acceso a servicios adecuados, el trato desigual hacia poblaciones vulnerables y la carencia de recursos. Se concluye que es urgente implementar reformas estructurales en los sistemas de salud de Latinoamérica para garantizar la protección efectiva de los derechos humanos y mejorar la calidad de la atención sanitaria. (shrink)

This volume comprises a lively and thorough discussion between philosophers and Tyler Burge about Burge's recent, and already widely accepted, position in the theory of meaning, mind, and knowledge. This position is embodied by an externalist theory of meaning and an anti-individualist theory of mind and approach to self-knowledge. The authors of the eleven papers here expound their versions of this position and go on to critique Burge's version. Together with Burge's replies, this volume offers a major contribution to contemporary (...) philosophy. (shrink)

The purpose of this paper is twofold: first we outline a version of non-descriptivism, ‘minimal expressivism’, leaving aside certain long-standing problems associated with conventional expressivist views. Second, we examine the way in which familiar expressivist results can be accommodated within this framework, through a particular interpretation that the expressive realm lends to a theory of meaning. Expressivist theories of meaning address only a portion of the classical problems attributed to this position when they seek to explain why the expressions they (...) deal with have a given meaning. A position can nevertheless be termed ‘expressivist’ – in the minimal sense that we favor – based simply on the following key features of the meaning of these expressions: they can be used as functions of propositions, and they are not used to describe the way the world is. (shrink)

The purpose of this study is to analyze the variation of the second-person object clitic te [‘you’] and the clitic se [lit. ‘it’] in advertising discourse from a cognitive viewpoint. The main explanatory notion will be cognitive salience; both clitics, te and se, exhibit this to varying degrees. The second-person te is more salient than the clitic se; therefore, the meanings conveyed by each in media discourse will be notably different. Results indicate that the distribution and usage of the clitics (...) te vs. se constitutes a different strategy of persuasion in advertising discourse. In general terms, te is used when a special deictic stance is needed, such as indexing a second-person as a potential consumer of the product or idea, whereas se tends to appear in utterances that describe the general and objective benefits of the product or idea advertised, denoting a desubjectivizing stance. The sociosituational distribution of this variation according to the target consumers will be analyzed. (shrink)

¿Qué hay de malo en la subrogación comercial como para justificar su prohibición? Este artículo explora cómo se ha utilizado el argumento de la mercantilización para fundamentar la condenación moral y legal de la subrogación comercial. Discuto tres argumentos filosóficos: (i) el argumento de la inconmensurabilidad, (ii) el de la alienación y (iii) el argumento a partir de sus efectos negativos. Introduzco un cuarto argumento: (iv) el de los contratos de consumo. Sostengo que mientras que (i), (ii) y (iii) no (...) ofrecen razones morales fuertes que justifiquen la inadmisibilidad moral de la subrogación comercial, (iv) sí lo hace. El argumento de los contratos de consumo sostiene que la distribución asimétrica entre los derechos y las obligaciones que justifica el modelo de contratos de consumo hace que los padres-madres intencionales y las agencias de subrogación (si las hay) se beneficien injustamente a expensas de las gestadoras subrogadas. Argumento que (iv) aporta razones para la intervención por parte del Estado, pero no para la prohibición de la subrogación comercial. (shrink)

Resumen Este trabajo analiza los anuncios de televisión y prensa de la compañía española de telefonía móvil Yoigo para explorar cómo la publicidad usa la apelación emocional para persuadir al consumidor a adquirir un servicio. El marco teórico se basa, por una parte, en el concepto de efecto social del acto comunicativo : 577–603) y el de actividad de imagen : 175–198), entendiendo la imagen social desde las categorías básicas de autonomía y afiliación con sus manifestaciones grupal e individual, Actos (...) de habla y cortesía en el español. Munich: Lincom Europa). Por otro lado, se parte de las propuestas de identidad de Spencer-Oatey, Face, Communication and Social Interaction ) y los tipos de valores centrales e individuales de los que se nutren tanto la imagen social como la identidad, 268-290). Los resultados de los análisis demuestran que en los anuncios de Yoigo los valores de honestidad y originalidad están presentes en las estrategias comunicativas elegidas, lo que supone una serie de actividades de imagen donde la afiliación y la autonomía – tanto de grupo como individual – se ponen de manifiesto. Así, las estrategias realizadas por los anuncios utilizan atributos conocidos de la identidad del consumidor español y de su imagen social para lograr su propósito persuasivo: convencerle para contratar el servicio ofrecido. (shrink)

El presente texto es una investigación cualitativa de carácter exploratorio con método analítico-sintético y enfoque narratológico para indagar en las representaciones sobre la maternidad y el cuerpo gestante en el contexto de la cultura cómica popular a través de las dos primeras temporadas de la serie de Netflix, Emily en París. Los principales hallazgos son que la maternidad se inscribe en los márgenes tanto geográficos como discursivos del relato romántico amoroso dado en el paradigma representacional dominante de Francia y que (...) el cuerpo gestante es representado a través de los rasgos del cuerpo grotesco presente en la cultura cómica popular. (shrink)

In this Interview, Professor Robert B. Brandom answered ten detailed questions about his philosophy of Rational Pragmatism and Semantic Expressivism, grouped into four topics. 1. Metaphysics and Anthropology, 2. Pragmatics and Semantics, 3. Epistemic Expressivism and 4. Philosophy of Logic. With his careful answers Professor Brandom offers many additional insights into his rigorously constructed account of the relationship “between what we say and think, and what we are saying and thinking about” around the human practice of asking for and giving (...) reasons. A final, additional question pointed at a principal motivation for putting together the present issue: how to reconcile Wittgenstein’s assertion that philosophy must not proffer any theories with the very explicit system of explanations Brandom has constructed. This same issue is addressed to some extent already in Professor Brandom’s new article contained in this issue, but his answer, asserting that he does not proffer a theory but only makes explicit what is already there, might be seen as an unambiguous statement of the continuous presence of a contested Wittgensteinian principle in Brandom’s work. (shrink)

RESUMENLejos de romper con el idealismo absoluto de Hegel, la filosofía francesa contemporánea parece asegurar su continuación. En efecto, el nuevo concepto de identidad mediante el cual la especulación hegeliana superó la rigidez inmóvil de la sustancia y la lógica bipolar del pensamiento representativo, ha sentado las bases especulativas de lo que el pensamiento francés reinscribe hoy bajo las categorías de diferencia, repetición, diseminación, imposibilidad, exceso, paradoja, instante, etc. El eterno retorno de lo mismo, el acontecimiento que sobreviene a la (...) finitud y la aporía de una contradicción realizada son otros tantos nombres con los cuales la «escuela de la diferencia» reclama la racionalidad de una Aufhebung, que desborda y contiene toda discriminación abstracta.PALABRAS CLAVESIDENTIDAD, DIFERENCIA, OPOSICIÓN, MEDIACIÓNABSTRACT Far from breaking with Hegel’s Absolute Idealism, French Contemporary Philosophy seems to ensure its continuity. In fact, the new concept of identity through which the Hegelian speculation overcame the immovable rigidity of substance and the bipolar logic of representative thought, has settled the speculative base of what nowadays French Philosophy includes again under the categories of difference, repetition, dissemination, impossibility, excess, paradox, instant, etc. The eternal return of the same, the event that happens to finite and the aporia of an actual contradiction are different names through which the «school of difference» claims the rationality of Aufhebung, which overflows and contains all abstract discrimination.KEY WORDSIDENTITY, DIFFERENCE, OPPOSITION, MEDIATION. (shrink)

: El presente artículo ilustra un capítulo del pensamiento reaccionario español, surgido a raíz de la revolución francesa, que tiene por objeto frenar las ideas modernas para preservar la tradición (identificada siempre con la iglesia católica). Centrado en la figura de Agapita Clara, autodenominada la filosofía rancia en honor de Francisco Alvarado (el filósofo rancio), se aventura la hipótesis de que el autor oculto tras dicho seudónimo femenino pueda ser Manuel Freyre y Castrillón, antiguo liberal convertido a los ideales de (...) la reacción. (shrink)